hacKING SCAM


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⚠️ Warning: Many users reported this account as a scam or a fake account. Please be careful, especially if it asks you for money.

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🗃 How To Spot a Vishing Scam? 🗳
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Here are some of the tell-tale signs of a vishing scam:

📍The caller claims to represent the IRS, Medicare, or the Social Security Administration. Unless you've requested contact, none of these federal agencies will ever initiate contact with you by email, text messages, or social media channels to request personal or financial information. In fact, be skeptical of anyone who calls you with an offer.

📍There's a frantic sense of urgency. Scammers will try to tap into your sense of fear, using threats of arrest warrants and problems with your account. If you get one of these phone calls, remain calm and never give out your own information. Hang up and do your own investigation.

📍The caller asks for your information. They may ask you to confirm your name, address, birth date, Social Security number, bank account info, and other identifying details. To trick you into thinking they're legit, they may even have some of this info on hand. The goal is to get the remaining info that they don't have yet.
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🗃 What Is Vishing? 🗳
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During a vishing phone call, a scammer uses social engineering to get you to share personal information and financial details, such as account numbers and passwords. The scammer might say your account has been compromised, claim to represent your bank or law enforcement, or offer to help you install software. Warning: It's probably malware.

Vishing is just one form of phishing, which is any type of message — such as an email, text, phone call or direct-chat message — that appears to be from a trusted source, but isn’t. The goal is to steal someone's identity or money.

It’s getting easier to contact more people, too. Scammers can place hundreds of calls at a time using voice over internet protocol (VoIP) technology and can spoof the caller ID to make the call appear to come from a trusted source, such as your bank.

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🗃 How To Protect Yourself Against Scareware? 🗳
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🟢 Make sure you have up-to-date, legitimate comprehensive Internet security software installed on your device. Obtain it from a reliable and trustworthy company, via the official website or a well-known retailer.

🟢 Keep the software up to date, keep your firewall on and run regular scans. This way, you should be alerted to any scareware before you fall prey to its tactics.

🟢 Be vigilant. Any threat of imminent disaster and directions to download the ‘solution’ immediately is almost certainly a scam. Scareware aims to panic you into making a bad decision.

🟢 Stop and think. Follow your instinct. If something feels wrong, it probably is.

🟢 Don’t click anywhere on pop-up ads or dialogue boxes. The window may have a ‘clickjacking’ feature that launches a malware download or directs you to a malicious website if you click on the X or Cancel to close the window. Be especially careful not to click on any ‘download’ button. Instead, save whatever you were working on. Then bring up the Task Manager using Ctrl+Alt+Delete and, under the Applications tab, click on End Task for the program. On a Mac, use Force Quit.

🟢 Block browser pop-ups from automatically appearing. Here’s how to manage pop-ups for Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox and Internet Explorer 11.

🟢 Don’t download anything from a source you haven’t researched and whose trustworthiness is unknown.
Never open file attachments or click on links in unsolicited emails, messages or texts.

🟢 Consider reading emails in plain text (text only) instead of HTML (which allows embedded graphics, stylised and coloured text, tables and links). It may not look as pretty, but plain text exposes suspicious HTML links within emails.

🟢 Don’t open any link or attachment from friends via social networks without checking that it’s genuine.

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🗃 How Is A Scareware Used? 🗳
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Typically through pop-up ads from rogue security providers that may sound legitimate but are fake. For example, rogue scareware or fake software names to watch out for include Advanced Cleaner, System Defender, and Ultimate Cleaner.

Scareware ads, which pop up in front of open applications and browsers, aim to scare computer users into thinking they have a major problem with their device. The hacker uses pop-up warnings to tell them their computer has been infected with dangerous viruses that could cause it to malfunction or crash. Some scareware ads also purport to be scanning the user’s device, then showing them hundreds of viruses that are supposedly present but are actually fake results. Typically, the more menacing or shocking an ad pop-up sounds, the more likely the claims being made are scareware.

Another key feature of scareware is urgency. Hackers attempt to convince users that the supposed device problem requires immediate action and then prompt them to install the program as quickly as possible. Therefore, always be careful with any ad that demands the user to act immediately. It is most likely scareware.

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🗃 What Is A Scareware? 🗳
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Scareware is malicious software that tricks computer users into visiting malware-infested websites. Also known as deception software, rogue scanner software or fraudware, scareware may come in the form of pop-ups.
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🗃 What Is The Importance Of A Data Backup? 🗳
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The main reason for a data backup is to have a secure archive of your important information, whether that’s classified documents for your business or treasured photos of your family, so that you can restore your device quickly and seamlessly in the event of data loss.

Still, 30 percent of people have never backed up their devices. This might not seem like a lot — until you put it in perspective with how often data is lost:

🔵 113 phones are lost or stolen every minute. (World Backup Day)
It was estimated that ransomware attacked a business every 14 seconds in 2019. (Cybercrime Magazine)
🔵 1 in 10 computers are infected with viruses each month. (World Backup Day)
🔵 Laptops are stolen every 53 seconds in the U.S. (Kensington)
Over 70 million cell phones are lost each year. (Kensington)
🔵 So, think of a data backup as the bedrock of your digital disaster recovery plan. By backing up your devices, you’re already one step ahead of any cyber threats that might result in data loss.

It’s worth noting, however, that data loss isn’t always the result of cyber threats. It can also be the case that your external hard drive or computer wear out and you lose your data. That’s just the nature of any piece of hardware, and backing up your data can help you restore it on a new device.

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🗃 What Is A Data Backup? 🗳
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Plainly put, a data backup is a copy or archive of the important information stored on your devices such as a computer, phone, or tablet, and it’s used to restore that original information in the event of a data loss.

Data losses can occur in many forms, from hard drive failures to ransomware attacks and even human error or physical theft. No matter the misfortune, a data backup could be the respite you’re looking for to restore the data stored on your devices. It’s typically stored in a secure, separate location from an original device, such as a cloud.

This way, whenever you have that crushing feeling that all your hard work and treasured memories are gone, you can rest assured that a data backup has your back.

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🗃 How To Help Protect Against A Man-In-The-Middle Attack? 🗳
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With the amount of tools readily available to cybercriminals for carrying out man-in-the-middle attacks, it makes sense to take steps to help protect your devices, your data, and your connections. Here are just a few.

🔵 Make sure “HTTPS” — with the S — is always in the URL bar of the websites you visit.

🔵 Be wary of potential phishing emails from attackers asking you to update your password or any other login credentials. Instead of clicking on the link provided in the email, manually type the website address into your browser.

🔵 Never connect to public Wi-Fi routers directly, if possible. A VPN encrypts your internet connection on public hotspots to protect the private data you send and receive while using public Wi-Fi, like passwords or credit card information.

🔵 Since MITB attacks primarily use malware for execution, you should install a comprehensive internet security solution, such as Norton Security, on your computer. Always keep the security software up to date.

🔵 Be sure that your home Wi-Fi network is secure. Update all of the default usernames and passwords on your home router and all connected devices to strong, unique passwords.

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🗃 Types Of Man-In-The-Middle Attacks 🗳
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There are 7 types of MITM attacks.
Cybercriminals can use MITM attacks to gain control of devices in a variety of ways.


1⃣ IP spoofing
Every device capable of connecting to the internet has an internet protocol (IP) address, which is similar to the street address for your home. By spoofing an IP address, an attacker can trick you into thinking you’re interacting with a website or someone you’re not, perhaps giving the attacker access to information you’d otherwise not share.

2⃣ DNS spoofing
Domain Name Server, or DNS, spoofing is a technique that forces a user to a fake website rather than the real one the user intends to visit. If you are a victim of DNS spoofing, you may think you’re visiting a safe, trusted website when you’re actually interacting with a fraudster. The perpetrator’s goal is to divert traffic from the real site or capture user login credentials.

3⃣ HTTPS spoofing
When doing business on the internet, seeing “HTTPS” in the URL, rather than “HTTP” is a sign that the website is secure and can be trusted. In fact, the “S” stands for “secure.” An attacker can fool your browser into believing it’s visiting a trusted website when it’s not. By redirecting your browser to an unsecure website, the attacker can monitor your interactions with that website and possibly steal personal information you’re sharing.

4⃣ SSL hijacking
When your device connects to an unsecure server — indicated by “HTTP” — the server can often automatically redirect you to the secure version of the server, indicated by “HTTPS.” A connection to a secure server means standard security protocols are in place, protecting the data you share with that server. SSL stands for Secure Sockets Layer, a protocol that establishes encrypted links between your browser and the web server.

In an SSL hijacking, the attacker uses another computer and secure server and intercepts all the information passing between the server and the user’s computer.

5⃣
Email hijacking
Cybercriminals sometimes target email accounts of banks and other financial institutions. Once they gain access, they can monitor transactions between the institution and its customers. The attackers can then spoof the bank’s email address and send their own instructions to customers. This convinces the customer to follow the attackers’ instructions rather than the bank’s. As a result, an unwitting customer may end up putting money in the attackers’ hands.

6⃣ Wi-Fi eavesdropping
Cybercriminals can set up Wi-Fi connections with very legitimate sounding names, similar to a nearby business. Once a user connects to the fraudster’s Wi-Fi, the attacker will be able to monitor the user’s online activity and be able to intercept login credentials, payment card information, and more. This is just one of several risks associated with using public Wi-Fi. You can learn more about such risks here.

7⃣ Stealing browser cookies
To understand the risk of stolen browser cookies, you need to understand what one is. A browser cookie is a small piece of information a website stores on your computer.

For example, an online retailer might store the personal information you enter and shopping cart items you’ve selected on a cookie so you don’t have to re-enter that information when you return.

A cybercriminal can hijack these browser cookies. Since cookies store information from your browsing session, attackers can gain access to your passwords, address, and other sensitive information.

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🗃 What Is A Man-In-The-Browser Attack? 🗳
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With a man-in-the-browser attack (MITB), an attacker needs a way to inject malicious software, or malware, into the victim’s computer or mobile device. One of the ways this can be achieved is by phishing.

Phishing is when a fraudster sends an email or text message to a user that appears to originate from trusted source, such as a bank, as in our original example. By clicking on a link or opening an attachment in the phishing message, the user can unwittingly load malware onto their device.

The malware then installs itself on the browser without the user’s knowledge. The malware records the data sent between the victim and specific targeted websites, such as financial institutions, and transmits it to the attacker.

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