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🔆Krutrim AI

✅Earlier this year, Indian multinational ridesharing company, Ola, introduced Krutrim AI, claiming it as “India’s own AI”.

✅It is envisioned to be personalised assistant, which can simplify personal and professional life by getting a variety of tasks done for you. It hopes to bridge the gap between conventional AI and the specific needs based on Indian languages and culture.

✅It uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) — a component of AI — to understand the nuances of human language, including colloquialisms and cultural contexts.

✅Machine Learning (ML) algorithms enable it to learn from vast data sets and improve its responses over time. Moreover, Deep Learning, a sophisticated branch of ML, helps it recognise patterns and analyse complex data.

✅One of the distinguishing features of Krutrim AI is that it has the ability to understand the intent of the user.

✅While most AI models rely on keyword matching and statistical probabilities, Krutrim AI reportedly dives deeper to understand the user’s request.

✅It can help with a variety of creative and knowledge retrieval tasks. One can write an email, seek information on topics of interest, learn new skills, plan travel or learn a new recipe, and more.

#gs3
#science_technology

@upsc_science_and_technology


Репост из: CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains)
Today's Daily Quiz questions for UPSC Prelims 2024.

Average score: 10/20.

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🔆Jeevan Raksha Padak


✅The President of India has approved the conferment of the Jeevan Raksha Padak Series of Awards.

📍Jeevan Raksha Awards:

✅ It is an offshoot of the Ashoka Chakra series of Gallantry awards, instituted in the year 1961.

✅The award is given for a meritorious act of humane nature in saving the life of a person in cases like drowning in water, accidents, fire incidents, etc.

✅It is given in three categories: Sarvottam Jeevan Raksha Padak, Uttam Jeevan Raksha Padak, and Jeevan Raksha Padak

✅The award can also be
conferred posthumously.

✅The awards are considered by the Awards Committee within a period of two calendar years from the date of performance of the act.

✅The award is presented in the form of a medallion, a certificate signed by the Union Home Minister, and a lump-sum
monetary allowance.

#prelims
#art_and_culture

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t_and_culture


🔆RIGHT TO REPAIR

📍Why in news?

✅Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) launched pilot project on ERSO.
Electronics Repair Services Outsourcing (ERSO)

✅The initiative aims to make India the Repair Capital of the World.

✅ ERSO involves outsourcing defective/damaged electronic items to Indian repair service organizations for repair, refurbishment, and calibration to achieve optimal functionality.

✅Notion that consumers should have the right to repair their lawfully purchased products directly, or by selecting a repair service of their choice.

📍Initiatives in India

✅Department of Consumer Affairs (DCA) set up committee on the Right to Repair to emphasize on the LiFE (Lifestyle for the Environment) movement through sustainable consumption.

✅Key sectors identified for this framework include Farming Equipment, Mobile Phones/ Tablets, Consumer Durables and Automobiles & Automobile Equipment.

✅Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution unveiled ‘right to repair’ portal.

🔰On the portal, manufacturers would share manual of product details with customers so that they could either repair by self, by third parties, rather than depend on original
manufacturers.

🔰Initially, mobile phones, electronics, consumer durables, automobile and farming equipment would be
covered.


Репост из: CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains)
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🔆Mithuna Sankranti

✅Also called Raja Parba, Mithuna Sankranti is a 3-day festival in the mid June, celebrated in Odisha to honour womanhood and menstruation (Raja word from Rajaswala meaning menstruating woman).

✅The second day of the festival signifies the sun's transition to the Mithuna month, the
beginning of monsoon.

✅It is believed that Goddess Earth, the consort of Lord Vishnu, undergoes menstruation during 3 days of the festival and prepares herself for the arrival of monsoon for carrying out agricultural activities.

✅ It is similar to Ambubachi Mela.

📍Ambubachi Mela:

✅It is a 4-day annual fair held at the Kamakhya temple (on Nilachal Hills in Guwahati, Assam), one of the 52 Shakti Peeth, to honour and celebrate the menstruation of Goddess Kamakhya.

✅ It is held during monsoon, in the Assamese month of Ahaar (mid-June), when the sun transits to the Mithuna zodiac.

✅The festival is also known as Ameti or the Tantric fertility festival.

📍Kharchi Puja:

✅Also known as the Festival of 14 Gods, it is celebrated annually in Tripura to worship the Chaturdasha Devata or 14 Gods and Mother Earth.

✅It is believed that the presiding deity of Tripura, Goddess Tripura Sundari, menstruates during the Ambubachi time (June). Hence this festival, held in the month of Ashada(July or August), symbolises cleansing of the Earth and washing off of the sins of people.


#prelims
#art_and_culture

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Репост из: CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains)
Today's Daily Quiz questions for UPSC Prelims 2024.

Average score: 10/20.

Solve: https://www.goaltideias.com/startdailyquizs-detail/1091

Telegram link: https://t.me/goalTide

Top 500 UPSC Prelims 2024 questions:
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📍Capital to Risk Weighted Asset Ratio (CRAR) or Capital Adequacy Ratio:

✅It is the ratio of a bank's total capital to its risk-weighted assets.

✅It is given as Capital
(Tier1+Tier2) divided by Risk Weighted Assets.

📍Risk-weighted Assets:

✅It refers to the minimum amount of capital that a bank is supposed to set aside to cover for the risk associated with different types of assets.

✅The RBI assigns specific levels of risk or risk weight to different assets, which when multiplied to the value of asset gives the capital that a bank has to set aside for covering the risk.

📍Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR):

✅It is a clause of Basel III norms, under which banks are supposed to maintain enough short-term liquidity (needs for the next 30 days) so that they can survive acute financial stress if such situations arise in the economy

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#economy

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Репост из: CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains)
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🔆Adivasi Mahila Sashaktikaran Yojana

✅The National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC) is implementing Adivasi Mahila Sashaktikaran Yojana for tribal women

✅The Adivasi Mahila Sashaktikaran Yojana is an exclusive concessional scheme for the economic development of eligible Scheduled Tribe Women to enhance their standard of life by providing financial independence.

✅Under the scheme, Scheduled Tribes women can undertake loans for any income generation activity.

✅The loans are given based on requirement of the unit through State Channelizing Agencies.

✅The loan upto Rs 1 lakh per unit will be provided under the scheme with upto 90% of unit cost is provided by NSTFDC as term loan.

✅The scheme provides loans with an interest rate of 2% for the State channelizing agencies (SCA) and 4% for the beneficiaries.

✅The loan is to be repaid in quarterly instalments within a maximum period of 5 years including moratorium period.

📍The eligibility criteria for the AMSY include:

✅The applicant should belong to the Scheduled Tribes Community.

✅The applicant should be above the age of 18 years

✅The annual income of the family should not exceed Rs.98,000 per annum in case of rural areas and Rs.1,20,000 per annum in case of the urban areas.

✅The NSTFDC was instituted by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs for the overall development of both Scheduled Tribe men and women.

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🔆Longpi Pottery

✅This TRIFED artisanal treasure was recently presented in the G20 summit.

✅ Named after the village of Longpi in Manipur, the Tangkhul Naga tribes practise this exceptional pottery style.

✅ Unlike most pottery, Longpi does not resort to the potter’s wheel; all shaping is done with the hand and with the help of moulds.

✅ The characteristic gray-black cooking pots, the stout kettles, quaint bowls, mugs, and nut trays, at times with a handle of fine cane, are trademarks of Longpi.

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🔆LINKAGE BETWEEN
DEVELOPMENT AND SPREAD OF EXTREMISM


✅According to the United Nations, Extremism is a complex phenomenon with no obvious definition. It is neither brandnew nor exclusive to any one country, ethnic group, or religious tradition.

✅However, terrorist organisations like the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), Al-Qaida, and Boko Haram have recently shaped our perception of violent extremism and the discussion surrounding how to counter this
threat.

✅Depending on the objectives of the group/groups, the nature of terrorism also differs such as ethno-nationalist
terrorism, religious terrorism, left-wing terrorism, right-wing terrorism, state-sponsored terrorism, cyber terrorism, urban terrorism etc.

📍FORM OF EXTREMISM

✅Politico-Religious Extremism (Fundamentalism): It is an outcome of the political interpretation of religion and the defence of religious identity by violent means, perceived to be under attack.

✅Examples: Pan-Islamism, Anti-Semitism, etc.

✅Left-wing Extremism (Naxalism): It is primarily an anti-capitalist focused demands and calls for the transformation of political systems which appears responsible for producing social inequalities, and that may ultimately employ violent means to further its cause.

✅Example: Anarchist, Maoist, Trotskyist and Marxist–Leninist groups that use violence to advocate for their cause.

✅Right Wing Extremism: It is characterised by the aggressive defence of racial, ethnic, or fictitious national identity and
is also linked to extreme antipathy against government officials, immigrants, minorities, and/or left-leaning political
organisations.

✅Example: Killing of Gauri Lankesh, Ethnic cleansing of Jews in Germany, etc.

✅Terrorism: Both Terrorism and extremism believe in similar ideology or thought and show non-acceptance toward other ideologies.

✅Note: Both of these follow the Ideology of Violence. For instance internet-facilitated
indoctrination and active radicalization in multiple states


#internal_security

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