Protestant Apologetics


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A repository of theology for the edification of the faithful.

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☝🏻Great channel (Catholicism & Orthodoxy) to follow here on telegram, btw.




Eastern OrthoHeterodox Christian: “Reading the Bible created Protestantism”… Hmmm… Shouldn’t that tell you something?

Protestant Apologetics; link: https://t.me/Reformed_Apologetics


Don’t ever let anyone tell you that Protestants don’t have the Apostolic Succession, because we do. Excellent work by Redeemed Zoomer.

Disclaimer: Traditional Presbyterian denominations like the PCA, OPC, RPCNA & the Free Church of Scotland generally stand aloof from the PCUSA and repudiate it’s liberal practices. Respect to Redeemed Zoomer for taking a stand and crusading to reform the church and bring it back into obedience to the Word of God.

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=FkuEJ0gUkV4






Is it true that Calvinists deny Free Will?

This is a frequent accusation made against Calvinist Protestants; as a matter of fact, it is a misunderstanding of the Calvinist position. Calvin himself addressed the matter of how free will fit into —and did not contradict— his interpretation of the Biblical doctrine of predestination. In refuting the accusations leveled by the Roman Catholic theologian Albertus Phigius, he wrote The Bondage and Liberation of the Will; A Defense of the Orthodox Doctrine of Human Choice Against Phigius. Much of his theology related to this question can also be found in his Institutes of the Christian Religion. Calvin explained that free will is indeed a human faculty, and that our repentance and faith in Christ are indeed a free will choice. However, the human will is limited —held in bondage— by our concupiscence, i.e. our carnal and sinful nature (Total Depravity). It is necessary therefore, for God’s Irresistible Grace to act in a person’s inner being, liberating them from this bondage and enabling them to exercise their free will to make an otherwise impossible choice of repentance and faith. As the Apostle Paul put it, “it is the gift of God” (Ephesians 2:8-9).

Many Christians will be surprised to find out that Calvin wasn’t the first one to understand things in this way. As a matter of fact, Augustine of Hippo (AD 354-430) —whom Calvin studied extensively— had the exact take as Calvin when it came to predestination. In his treatise On the Predestination of the Saints, Augustine used scripture to show that our faith was the gift of God (Book I, chapter 3), and that even our free-will choice was a result of God’s grace acting upon us (Book I, chapter 7). In the latter chapter, Augustine even confesses that he’d been in error previously, when he held a belief that was more in line with those we recognise today in Catholic and Orthodox Christians, as well as Protestants who adhere to Jacobus Arminius’ stance on predestination. He attributed his correction in the matter to the teachings of Cyprian of Carthage (AD 210-258).

Protestant Apologetics; link: https://t.me/Reformed_Apologetics


The Five Solas of Protestantism.

Protestant Apologetics; link: https://t.me/Reformed_Apologetics


This Protestant soteriological formula, that salvation is by faith alone (Sola Fide), and that good works are the fruit of that genuine faith… can it be found elsewhere in the writings of the early church fathers? …why yes, yes it can.

…so likewise men, if they do truly progress by faith towards better things, and receive the Spirit of God, and bring forth the fruit thereof, shall be spiritual, as being planted in the paradise of God.


Irenaeus of Lyons. Against Heresies; Book 5, Chapter X.

And therefore throughout all time, man, having been moulded at the beginning by the hands of God, that is, of the Son and of the Spirit, is made after the image and likeness of God: the chaff, indeed, which is the apostasy, being cast away; but the wheat, that is, those who bring forth fruit to God in faith, being gathered into the barn.


Irenaeus of Lyons. Against Heresies; Book 5, Chapter XXVIII.

Each one sees his own faith in himself. He does not see but believes faith to be in another. And he believes all the more firmly, the more he sees faith's fruits that it is accustomed to work through charity.


Augustine of Hippo. On the Trinity; Book 13, Chapter 2.

Works proceed from faith, and not faith from works. Therefore it is from Him that we have works of righteousness, from whom comes also faith itself.


Augustine of Hippo. On Grace and Free Will; Chapter 7.

I have nothing but praise for the superstructure of action, but I see the foundation of faith; I admire the good work as a fruit, but I recognize that it springs from the root of faith. ...If faith is devoid of the will to love, it will equally be devoid of good actions. But do not spend too much time thinking about the works that proceed from faith: add hope and the will to love to your faith, and you will have no need to ask yourself what kind of works you should perform.


Augustine of Hippo. Exposition 2 of Psalm 31:3-5.

Love, on account of its friendly alliance with faith, makes men believers; and faith, which is the foundation of love, in its turn introduces the doing of good.


Clement of Alexandria. Stromata; Book 2, Chapter 6.

A person is saved by grace, not by works but by faith. There should be no doubt but that faith saves and then lives by doing its own works, so that the works which are added to salvation by faith are not those of the law but a different kind of thing altogether.


Didymus the Blind. Commentary on James 2:26.

Yet… we are told by our Catholic and Orthodox brothers that this is heresy, that salvation is by faith + works + other things, that we have misread the scriptures and ought rather to study the church fathers and apply their hermeneutic instead… Yet strangely, when we do so, we often find that the church fathers had the same hermeneutic and interpretation as Protestants do, especially when it comes to the most fundamental elements of the gospel. The Catholic Church’s Council of Trent (1545-1563) —which officially began the counter-reformation— even went so far as to anathemize (curse and pronounce eternal judgment against) the teaching that good works are the fruits of the genuine saving faith of Christians. Rome was so arrogant and blasphemous as to anathemize, not only the teachings of the church fathers it purports to venerate as saints, but the very gospel of Jesus Christ Himself.

Protestant Apologetics; link: https://t.me/Reformed_Apologetics


Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians.

Polycarp of Smyrna was the overseeing presbyter (i.e. “bishop”) of Smyrna in Asia Minor. He was said by Irenaeus of Lyons to have known St. John the Apostle personally.

Notable teachings found in this patristic text: (1) That salvation is through faith, not works (Ch. 1, vs. 3) and that good works are the fruits of that faith (Ch. 1, vs. 2). (2) That not merely God, but also His elect together with Him, will judge the world when the time comes. In the same sentence, Polycarp attributes this teaching to St. Paul.

https://bibletranslation.ws/down/Polycarp_Epistle_To_The_Philippians.pdf


Hussite soldiers capturing Catholics after the Battle of Domažlice; art by Věnceslav Černý.

The battle of Domažlice happened on August 14, 1431 as part of the ongoing effort by the Catholic church and Holy Roman Empire to crush the proto-Protestant Hussite movement in Bohemia (i.e. the “Bohemian Crusades” or “Hussite Wars” {AD 1419-1434}). Catholic German troops besieging the city of Domažlice fled in panic without striking a blow upon the approach of a Hussite relief force. They were hunted down and dealt with ruthlessly. It was one of countless humiliating defeats suffered by the papacy and its allies in this conflict. The Hussites proved impossible to defeat, but eventually compromised with the church and rejoined Catholicism on condition that the demands made by the Martyr priest Jan Hus be met. More radical elements that didn’t accept peace continued fighting and were eventually overwhelmed and crushed. But less than a century later, Hus’ grievances would be addressed again, together with additional remonstrances… and the Protestant Reformation would prove impossible for the Catholic Church to eradicate.

Perhaps the Catholic Church would have done well to read their Bibles and listen to wise counsel:

Acts 5:38
…but if it is of God, you will not be able to overthrow them. You might even be found opposing God!” So they took his advice.


Protestant Apologetics; link: https://t.me/Reformed_Apologetics




I fear the prayers of John Knox more than all the assembled armies of Europe.

Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots (1542-1567) 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

Protestant Apologetics; link: https://t.me/Reformed_Apologetics


Protestant Apologetics; link: https://t.me/Reformed_Apologetics

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