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UPSC POLITY NOTES

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UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ CHARTER ACT 1773.

◇ Overriding power given to Lord Cornwallis over his council, to all future Governor-Generals and Governors of Presidencies.

◇ It gave the Governor-General more powers and control over the governments of the subordinate Presidencies of Bombay and Madras.

◇ It extended the trade monopoly of the Company in India for another period of twenty years.

◇ It provided that the Commander-in-Chief was not to be a member of the Governor-General’s council, unless he was so appointed.

◇ It laid down that the members of the Board of Control and their staff were, henceforth, to be paid out of the Indian revenues.

3k 1 11 28

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ CHARTER ACT 1813.

◇ Company's trade monopoly abolished except its monopoly over trade in Tea and Trade with china.

◇ It's asserted Crown's Sovereignty over Company.

◇ Christian missionaries allowed in India.

◇ Spread of Western education allowed.

◇ Local Govt. can now impose Taxes on Persons. Can also punish for not paying Taxes.

2.7k 2 10 6

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ INDIAN COUNCIL ACT OF 1861.

◇ It made a beginning of Representative institutions by assosiating Indian with law - making Process.

◇ Viceroy Canning nominated three Indians to the legislative council - The Raja of Benaras, Maharaja of Patiala and Sir Dinkar rao.

◇ It initiated the process of Decentralisation by restoring the legislative Powers to the Bombay and Madras presidency.

◇ It also provided for the establishment of new legislative councils for Bengal, NWFP and Punjab.

◇ It also gave a recognition to the Portfolio system, introduced by Canning.

2.2k 8 8 3

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ CHARTER ACT 1833.

◇ It made the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor- General of India and vested in him all civil and military powers.

◇ It deprived the Governor of Bombay and Madras of their legislative powers.

◇ It ended the activities of the East India Company as a commercial body, which became a purely administrative
body.

◇ The Charter Act of 1833 attempted to introduce a system of open competition for selection of civil servants and stated that the Indians should not be debarred from holding any place, office and employment under the Company.

1.8k 1 8 1

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ CHARTER ACT OF 1853.

◇ Seperated Legislative and Executive functions of Governor-General's council.

◇ It provided for Addition of Six new members to the Council.

◇ It introduced open Competition for Selection and recruitment of Civil servants.

◇ Extended Company's rule of Indian possession on behalf of British Govt. But did not specify any particular period.

◇ It introduced Local representation in Indian (central) Legislative Council.

◇ Of 6 new members 4 members appointed by Local Governments of Madras, Bombay, Bengal, and Agra.

1.6k 1 8

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ REGULATING ACT 1773.

◇ Governor of Bengal will now be Governor-General of Bengal.

◇ Created an Executive Council of 4 members to assist him.

◇ First Governor General was Warren Hastings.

◇ Establishment of Supreme court in Calcutta. Comprising 1 CJI and 3 other Judges.

◇ Prohibited the Servants from engaging in any Private Trades and taking Bribes from Natives.

◇ Court of Directors will report about the functioning of EIC to Government.

1.4k 1 7 2

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT OF 1858.

◇ India will now be governed by, and in the name of, Her Majesty.

◇ Designation of Governor General of India will now be changed to that of Viceroy of India.

◇ It ended the system of Double government by abolishing the Board of Control and Court of Directors.

◇ Created a new office, Sectetary of State for India, vested with complete authority and control over Administration.

◇ It established a 15 - member council of india to assist the secretary of state of India.

◇ It constituted the secretary of state in council as a body corporate, capable of suing and being sued in India.

1.3k 1 8

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ CHARTER ACT OF 1853.

◇ Seperated Legislative and Executive functions of Governor-General's council.

◇ It provided for Addition of Six new members to the Council.

◇ It introduced open Competition for Selection and recruitment of Civil servants.

◇ Extended Company's rule of Indian possession on behalf of British Govt. But did not specify any particular period.

◇ It introduced Local representation in Indian (central) Legislative Council.

◇ Of 6 new members 4 members appointed by Local Governments of Madras, Bombay, Bengal, and Agra.

1.2k 1 7

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ CHARTER ACT 1833.

◇ It made the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor- General of India and vested in him all civil and military powers.

◇ It deprived the Governor of Bombay and Madras of their legislative powers.

◇ It ended the activities of the East India Company as a commercial body, which became a purely administrative
body.

◇ The Charter Act of 1833 attempted to introduce a system of open competition for selection of civil servants and stated that the Indians should not be debarred from holding any place, office and employment under the Company.

1.2k 1 7

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ CHARTER ACT 1813.

◇ Company's trade monopoly abolished except its monopoly over trade in Tea and Trade with china.

◇ It's asserted Crown's Sovereignty over Company.

◇ Christian missionaries allowed in India.

◇ Spread of Western education allowed.

◇ Local Govt. can now impose Taxes on Persons. Can also punish for not paying Taxes.

1.2k 1 7 1

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ CHARTER ACT 1773.

◇ Overriding power given to Lord Cornwallis over his council, to all future Governor-Generals and Governors of Presidencies.

◇ It gave the Governor-General more powers and control over the governments of the subordinate Presidencies of Bombay and Madras.

◇ It extended the trade monopoly of the Company in India for another period of twenty years.

◇ It provided that the Commander-in-Chief was not to be a member of the Governor-General’s council, unless he was so appointed.

◇ It laid down that the members of the Board of Control and their staff were, henceforth, to be paid out of the Indian revenues.

1.1k 1 7 3

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ PITTS INDIA ACT 1781.

◇ Distinguished between the Commercial and Political Functions of Company.

◇ Court of Directors will manage the Commercial affairs.

◇ Created a new body called Board of Control to manage the political affairs.

◇ It empowered the Board of Control to supervise and direct all operations of the civil and military government or revenues of the British possessions in India.

1.1k 1 8 5

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ AMENDING ACT 1781.

This act was passed to rectify the defects of Regulating act of 1773.

◇ It exempted Governor-General and the council from the jurisdiction of Supreme court.

◇ It excluded the Revenue matters from the Jurisdiction of Supreme court.

◇ It provided that Supreme court will Have jurisdiction all over Calcutta.

◇ Appeals from Provincial court could be taken to Governor-General-in-council and not to Supreme court.

◇ Governor general now empowered to frame regulations for Provincial courts and council.

1.1k 1 7 6

UPSC POLITY NOTES

17 Mar 2022, 17:36

■ REGULATING ACT 1773.

◇ Governor of Bengal will now be Governor-General of Bengal.

◇ Created an Executive Council of 4 members to assist him.

◇ First Governor General was Warren Hastings.

◇ Establishment of Supreme court in Calcutta. Comprising 1 CJI and 3 other Judges.

◇ Prohibited the Servants from engaging in any Private Trades and taking Bribes from Natives.

◇ Court of Directors will report about the functioning of EIC to Government.

1k 1 7 20

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