Surgery


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To understand How to Answer in Long case , short case , OSCE , even MCQs
problem solving ,
Done by / Yaqob Alsomaee

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prophylactic cholecystectomy may be performed for asymp- tomatic cholelithiasis in the following situations:
● large (>3 cm) gallstones;
● choledocholithiasis;
● chronic haemolytic conditions (sickle cell disease, heredi-
tary spherocytosis);
● gallbladder polyps >1 cm in diameter;
● suspicion/risk of malignancy (anomalous pancreatic duc-
tal drainage);
● calcifcation of the wall (porcelain gallbladder);
● some ethnic groups or subjects living in areas with a high
prevalence of gallbladder cancer associated with gallstones (some parts of northern India, Native Americans, Mexican Americans, Colombia, Chile, Bolivia);
● transplant patients (during transplantation);
● bariatric surgery.

resource : Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery 28E


@easy_surgery
This link to share it


No one interested in surgery 😅


Sudden increase in size with pain - Hemorrhage
- Malignancy developing in a benign swelling


Sudden onset of thyroid swelling with pain - Thyroiditis


طبعاً لماذا ال site مهم عشان نعرف ال swelling سببه إيه يعني بكل مكان يختلف حسب الاناتومي اللي فيه
طيب ال size لما نقوله بالهستوري مانقولش بالسنتميرت نقول حجم البرتقاله او حجم الليمونه وهكذا ...
ليه Shape ؟ مثلاً butterfly 🦋 Shap في ال neck هذا شكل ال thyroid gland يعني يبين لنا انه ال swelling طالع من ال thyroid
ليه onset ? اي swelling لازم تقول كيف المريض عرف أنه عنده ال swelling أحيانا يكون اكتشفه accidental ..... غالبا بتشوف المرآه لاحظتها ...ولازم نعرف هل sudden كيف يعني sudden ??
بمعنى خلال دقائق ظهرت وماكانت موجوده زي انه يحصل perforation ولا أعني هنا الthyroid
Acute onset
تعني خلال ساعات إلى أيام
وأسبابه هي تكون acute inflammation
gradual onset :
أسابيع الى أشهر
وغالباً neoplastic or chronic inflammation
I have questione for members
What is the definition of onset ??


I have trial , I will not share my channel link at any other channels, I want know if 41 members can share it , if they understand ... share it for others ....
I wish this helpful


For students Who only understand English language , don't worry , I will discuss and explain by English Also


بالعربي لما أنا أاخذ حالة درقية thyroid
لازم أعرف كل نقطه ليش اخذتها وال thyroid من أفضل شباتر الجراحة وأسهلها
يعني لما أنا أحلل بالهستوري
Chief complaine :
swelling Infront of neck
هل لو قلنا
Infront of the neck
بتختلف او لا للي فاهمين لغة إنجليزية يجاوبو ؟
Swelling analysis:
Site ? Why?
Size approximately
Shape ? In Goiter Butterfly 🦋
Onset ? Why ?
Course ? Why ?
Duration ? Why ?
Others swelling ? Why ?
Effect on general condition of patient


Language of Explain of posts ?
Опрос
  •   English only
  •   Arabic and English
17 голосов


👨‍⚕ I will explain to you How to take chief complaine and History of present illness ...
Usually chief complaine in thyroid case...>> Swelling and
/or Pain
In HOPI : don't forget this items
1. History analysis of complaints
2. History of pressure effects
3. History of toxicosis
4. History of hypothyroidism
5. History of malignancy


🧑‍⚕ Answer
Age factor:
Young age - Deficiency goiter
- Dyshormonogenetic
- Papillary carcinoma
Middle age - Solitary nodular
- Multinodular
- Colloid goiter
- Hashimotos
- Follicular carcinoma

Old age - Anaplastic carcinoma
Sex:
In general thyroid disease more common in female
Thyrotoxicosis - 8 times more in females
Carcinoma - 3:1 ratio in females


HISTORY
Name : .....
Age :...
Sex: ...
Occupation
Residence : Endemic goiter

👨‍⚕Why you will ask about age of patient in thyroid case ?


Thyroid Gland
• History
• History of Present Illness
• Past History
• Personal History
• Local Examination
• Palpation
• Percussion
• Auscultation
• Features of Secondary Thyrotoxicosis
• Signs of Hypothyroidism
• Signs of Malignancy
• Investigations
• Side Effects

• Modalities of Surgery
• Surgical Anatomy of Thyroid
• Embryology
• Anatomy
• Lobectomy (Hemithyroidectomy)
• Postoperative Complications
• Carcinoma Thyroid
• Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (Men)
• Toxic Adenoma
• Thyroiditis
• Riedel’s Thyroiditis
• De Quervain’s
Subacute Thyroiditis
• Booster Points


🧑🏻‍⚕ which books you prefer ?
👨‍⚕ I was studying from different books 😞 , which is problem of many students , but at the end I select one book only So you Also try to depened on one book , it make you easy to remember , easy to review it


🧑🏻‍⚕What book to study surgery ?
👨‍⚕
Bailey and love
Schwartz
Egyptian books as AlMATARY , ALI HASSEB , ALQASSER , ......
Indiana book as SRB,s Manual surgery ,
Also don't forget books or sheets of your university if you undergraduate


I will start by thyroid .... Ok .

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