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swappinessThis control is used to define the rough relative IO cost of swapping and filesystem paging, as a value between 0 and 200. At 100, the VM assumes equal IO cost and will thus apply memory pressure to the page cache and swap-backed pages equally; lower values signify more expensive swap IO, higher values indicates cheaper.Keep in mind that filesystem IO patterns under memory pressure tend to be more efficient than swap’s random IO. An optimal value will require experimentation and will also be workload-dependent.The default value is 60.For in-memory swap, like zram or zswap, as well as hybrid setups that have swap on faster devices than the filesystem, values beyond 100 can be considered. For example, if the random IO against the swap device is on average 2x faster than IO from the filesystem, swappiness should be 133 (x + 2x = 200, 2x = 133.33).At 0, the kernel will not initiate swap until the amount of free and file-backed pages is less than the high watermark in a zone.
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