They (Puritans) described Massachusetts as a godly commonwealth, but the Puritans were bound in covenant with God – and with each other – to form a civil government that ensured the public welfare. This is crucial. They incorporated some biblical law into their government, but they relied on English common law; ministers did not sit as judges in their courts, and ministers did not serve as magistrates. England, where the monarch was head of the church, archbishops were leaders in government, and if someone was excommunicated they lost their property, position, and sometimes their lives. England closely resembles a theocracy than the Massachusetts Colony.

While it’s true that the first generation of Massachusetts men were required in 1631 to be full church members in order to vote or hold political office, that requirement was modified in 1658 and permanently retired in by 1664. Religion and politics were formally separate, and ministers had no power to install or remove anyone in political office.