THIS

➡️ for people and things that are near to the speaker (listener)
➡️ to introduce someone
➡️ on the phone to introduce yourself
➡️ to talk about things that are near in time
➡️ with in time phrases such as this summer, this winter, this week, this year, etc.
➡️ to refer to something that is going to happen in the future, or something that we are going to say or do

________

THESE

➡️ for people and things that are near to the speaker (listener)
➡️ to talk about things that are near in time

________

THAT

➡️ for people and things that are not near to the speaker (listener)
➡️ to talk about things that are further away in time
➡️ to refer back to something that has just happened

________

THOSE

➡️ for people and things that are not near us
➡️ to talk about things that are further away in time