eping his vision fixed on it
throughout the whole of this sitting
[50] . One may also make a circle with
his middle finger and thumb
(sometimes). [51] He does not clench
his left hand or raise its finger.
[52] The palm of his left hand, with
fingers spread out, should rest on his
left thigh and knee.
5. The words recited for the tashahhud in
this seated position are: [53]
ﺍﻟﺘَّﺤِﻴَّﺎﺕُ ﻟِﻠَّﻪِ، ﻭَﺍﻟﺼَّﻠَﻮَﺍﺕُ، ﻭَﺍﻟﻄَّـﻴِّـﺒَﺎﺕُ، ﺍَﻟﺴَّﻼَﻡُ ﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺍﻟﻨَّﺒِﻲِّ
ﻭَﺭَﺣْﻤَﺔُ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪِ ﻭَﺑَﺮَﻛَﺎﺗُﻪُ، ﺍَﻟﺴَّﻼَﻡُ ﻋَﻠَﻴْﻨَﺎ ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﻋِﺒَﺎﺩِ
ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪ ِﺍﻟﺼَّﺎﻟِﺤِﻴْﻦَ، ﺃَﺷْﻬَﺪُ ﺃَﻥْ ﻻَّ ﺇﻟَﻪَ ﺇﻻَّ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪُ، ﻭَﺃَﺷْﻬَﺪُ ﺃَﻥَّ
ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪًﺍ ﻋَﺒْﺪُﻩُ ﻭَﺭَﺳُﻮﻟُﻪُ
“At-taḥīyyātu lillāhi waṣ-ṣalawātu, waṭ-
ṭayyibātu, as-salāmu ʿalan-Nabī, wa
raḥmatullāhi wa barakātuhu. As-salāmu
ʿalaynā wa ʿalá ʿibādillāhiṣ-ṣāliḥīn. Ash-
hadu an lā ilāha illallāh, wa ash-hadu
anna Muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa rasūluh.”
( Words of praise, exaltation and
glorification are for Allāh alone, and
Prayers, worship and pure words and
attributes also. May Allāh send peace and
security upon the Prophet, and His Mercy
and Blessings. May Allāh send peace and
security upon us and upon His righteous
servants. I bear witness that none has the
right to be worshipped except Allāh, and I
bear witness that Muḥammad is His
servant and Messenger ).
6. After that, he should supplicate with
the following words: [54]
ﺍﻟﻠَّﻬُﻢَّ ﺻَﻞِّ ﻋَﻠَﻰ ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪٍ، ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺁﻝِ ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪٍ، ﻛَﻤَﺎ ﺻَﻠَّﻴْﺖَ
ﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺇﺑْﺮَﺍﻫِﻴْﻢَ ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺁﻝِ ﺇﺑْﺮَﺍﻫِﻴْﻢَ، ﺇﻧَّﻚَ ﺣَﻤِﻴْﺪٌ ﻣَﺠِﻴْﺪٌ، ﺍَﻟﻠَّﻬُﻢَّ
ﺑَﺎﺭِﻙْ ﻋَﻠَﻰ ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪٍ، ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺁﻝِ ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪٍ، ﻛَﻤَﺎ ﺑَﺎﺭَﻛْﺖَ ﻋَﻠَﻰ
ﺇﺑْﺮَﺍﻫِﻴْﻢَ ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺁﻝِ ﺇﺑْﺮَﺍﻫِﻴْﻢَ، ﺇﻧَّﻚَ ﺣَﻤِﻴْﺪٌ ﻣَﺠِﻴْﺪٌ
“Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalá Muḥammad wa ʿalá
āli Muḥammad, kamā ṣallayta ʿalá Ibrāhīm
wa ʿalá āli Ibrāhīm, innaka Ḥamīdun Majīd.
Allāhumma bārik ʿalá Muḥammadin wa ʿalá
āli Muḥammad, kamā bārakta ʿalá
Ibrāhīm, wa ʿalá āli Ibrāhīm,
innaka Ḥamīdun Majīd.”
( O Allāh, extol and honour Muḥammad and
the true followers of Muḥammad, just as
you extolled and honoured Ibrāhīm and the
pious offspring of Ibrāhīm. Indeed, you are
due all praise, perfect in glory and
magnificence. O Allāh, send your blessings
on Muḥammad and on the true followers of
Muḥammad, just as you sent blessings on
Ibrāhīm and on the pious offspring of
Ibrāhīm. Indeed, you are deserving of all
praise, perfect in glory and magnificence ).
The Third and Fourth Rakʿāhs
7. Then he says ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪُ ﺃَﻛْﺒَﺮ “Allāhu-akbar” , he
should raise his hands sometimes (to
shoulder height) as he did when
beginning the Prayer [55] and then
stand for the third rakʿah.
8. To stand for the third rakʿah, he
supports himself on his two fists
clenched as if he is kneading
dough for bread [56] . He returns to the
standing position as he was in the first
rakʿah.
9. In the third and fourth rakʿahs he
recites Sūrah Al-Fātiḥah beginning with
“Bismillāh ir-Raḥmān ir-Raḥīm”
The Final Tashahhud and Sitting till the
End of the Prayer
0. After finishing the final rakʿah he
performs the rukūʾ, rises from it, and
then prostrates ( sujūd ) twice and sits
to recite the tashahhud as he did after
praying the first two rakʿahs .
1. If this sitting is after the third rakʿah
(as in Maghrib Prayer) or after the
fourth rakʿah (as in Ẓuhr , ‘Asr and
‘Ishā ), then he should sit if he is able,
without harming or restricting those
next to him, as follows: He sits with
the left hip/buttock on the ground, his
left foot settles under his right shin,
and his right foot is upright next to his
right hip, and his toes are directed to
the Qiblah. This is called tawarruk (see
the illustration). [57]
2. He may also sit as he sat in the first
tashahhud if he is praying in
congregation and may constrict fellow
worshippers. [58]
3. He places his left hand on his left
knee and is supported by that knee.
He clenches his right hand into a fist
as he did in the first tashahhud , he
places it on his right thigh and knee
and points his index
finger and looks at it.
4. Once he has settled in this position,
he recites what he recited in the first
tashahhud exactly.
ﺍَﻟﺘَّﺤِﻴَّﺎﺕُ ﻟِﻠَّﻪِ، ﻭَﺍﻟﺼَّﻠَﻮَﺍﺕُ، ﻭَﺍﻟﻄَّـﻴِّـﺒَﺎ
throughout the whole of this sitting
[50] . One may also make a circle with
his middle finger and thumb
(sometimes). [51] He does not clench
his left hand or raise its finger.
[52] The palm of his left hand, with
fingers spread out, should rest on his
left thigh and knee.
5. The words recited for the tashahhud in
this seated position are: [53]
ﺍﻟﺘَّﺤِﻴَّﺎﺕُ ﻟِﻠَّﻪِ، ﻭَﺍﻟﺼَّﻠَﻮَﺍﺕُ، ﻭَﺍﻟﻄَّـﻴِّـﺒَﺎﺕُ، ﺍَﻟﺴَّﻼَﻡُ ﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺍﻟﻨَّﺒِﻲِّ
ﻭَﺭَﺣْﻤَﺔُ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪِ ﻭَﺑَﺮَﻛَﺎﺗُﻪُ، ﺍَﻟﺴَّﻼَﻡُ ﻋَﻠَﻴْﻨَﺎ ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﻋِﺒَﺎﺩِ
ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪ ِﺍﻟﺼَّﺎﻟِﺤِﻴْﻦَ، ﺃَﺷْﻬَﺪُ ﺃَﻥْ ﻻَّ ﺇﻟَﻪَ ﺇﻻَّ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪُ، ﻭَﺃَﺷْﻬَﺪُ ﺃَﻥَّ
ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪًﺍ ﻋَﺒْﺪُﻩُ ﻭَﺭَﺳُﻮﻟُﻪُ
“At-taḥīyyātu lillāhi waṣ-ṣalawātu, waṭ-
ṭayyibātu, as-salāmu ʿalan-Nabī, wa
raḥmatullāhi wa barakātuhu. As-salāmu
ʿalaynā wa ʿalá ʿibādillāhiṣ-ṣāliḥīn. Ash-
hadu an lā ilāha illallāh, wa ash-hadu
anna Muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa rasūluh.”
( Words of praise, exaltation and
glorification are for Allāh alone, and
Prayers, worship and pure words and
attributes also. May Allāh send peace and
security upon the Prophet, and His Mercy
and Blessings. May Allāh send peace and
security upon us and upon His righteous
servants. I bear witness that none has the
right to be worshipped except Allāh, and I
bear witness that Muḥammad is His
servant and Messenger ).
6. After that, he should supplicate with
the following words: [54]
ﺍﻟﻠَّﻬُﻢَّ ﺻَﻞِّ ﻋَﻠَﻰ ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪٍ، ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺁﻝِ ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪٍ، ﻛَﻤَﺎ ﺻَﻠَّﻴْﺖَ
ﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺇﺑْﺮَﺍﻫِﻴْﻢَ ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺁﻝِ ﺇﺑْﺮَﺍﻫِﻴْﻢَ، ﺇﻧَّﻚَ ﺣَﻤِﻴْﺪٌ ﻣَﺠِﻴْﺪٌ، ﺍَﻟﻠَّﻬُﻢَّ
ﺑَﺎﺭِﻙْ ﻋَﻠَﻰ ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪٍ، ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺁﻝِ ﻣُﺤَﻤَّﺪٍ، ﻛَﻤَﺎ ﺑَﺎﺭَﻛْﺖَ ﻋَﻠَﻰ
ﺇﺑْﺮَﺍﻫِﻴْﻢَ ﻭَﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺁﻝِ ﺇﺑْﺮَﺍﻫِﻴْﻢَ، ﺇﻧَّﻚَ ﺣَﻤِﻴْﺪٌ ﻣَﺠِﻴْﺪٌ
“Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalá Muḥammad wa ʿalá
āli Muḥammad, kamā ṣallayta ʿalá Ibrāhīm
wa ʿalá āli Ibrāhīm, innaka Ḥamīdun Majīd.
Allāhumma bārik ʿalá Muḥammadin wa ʿalá
āli Muḥammad, kamā bārakta ʿalá
Ibrāhīm, wa ʿalá āli Ibrāhīm,
innaka Ḥamīdun Majīd.”
( O Allāh, extol and honour Muḥammad and
the true followers of Muḥammad, just as
you extolled and honoured Ibrāhīm and the
pious offspring of Ibrāhīm. Indeed, you are
due all praise, perfect in glory and
magnificence. O Allāh, send your blessings
on Muḥammad and on the true followers of
Muḥammad, just as you sent blessings on
Ibrāhīm and on the pious offspring of
Ibrāhīm. Indeed, you are deserving of all
praise, perfect in glory and magnificence ).
The Third and Fourth Rakʿāhs
7. Then he says ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪُ ﺃَﻛْﺒَﺮ “Allāhu-akbar” , he
should raise his hands sometimes (to
shoulder height) as he did when
beginning the Prayer [55] and then
stand for the third rakʿah.
8. To stand for the third rakʿah, he
supports himself on his two fists
clenched as if he is kneading
dough for bread [56] . He returns to the
standing position as he was in the first
rakʿah.
9. In the third and fourth rakʿahs he
recites Sūrah Al-Fātiḥah beginning with
“Bismillāh ir-Raḥmān ir-Raḥīm”
The Final Tashahhud and Sitting till the
End of the Prayer
0. After finishing the final rakʿah he
performs the rukūʾ, rises from it, and
then prostrates ( sujūd ) twice and sits
to recite the tashahhud as he did after
praying the first two rakʿahs .
1. If this sitting is after the third rakʿah
(as in Maghrib Prayer) or after the
fourth rakʿah (as in Ẓuhr , ‘Asr and
‘Ishā ), then he should sit if he is able,
without harming or restricting those
next to him, as follows: He sits with
the left hip/buttock on the ground, his
left foot settles under his right shin,
and his right foot is upright next to his
right hip, and his toes are directed to
the Qiblah. This is called tawarruk (see
the illustration). [57]
2. He may also sit as he sat in the first
tashahhud if he is praying in
congregation and may constrict fellow
worshippers. [58]
3. He places his left hand on his left
knee and is supported by that knee.
He clenches his right hand into a fist
as he did in the first tashahhud , he
places it on his right thigh and knee
and points his index
finger and looks at it.
4. Once he has settled in this position,
he recites what he recited in the first
tashahhud exactly.
ﺍَﻟﺘَّﺤِﻴَّﺎﺕُ ﻟِﻠَّﻪِ، ﻭَﺍﻟﺼَّﻠَﻮَﺍﺕُ، ﻭَﺍﻟﻄَّـﻴِّـﺒَﺎ